The complaint alleged that Angkhana defamed the company in two social media posts in 2018 and 2019 expressing support for other human rights defenders facing lawsuits brought by Thammakaset. Thailand | UNICEF China The commission was chaired by former ambassador Pornprapai Kanjanarindr. The office examines all petitions, but it may not compel agencies to comply with its recommendations. July 22, 2021 The Labor Law of Thailand by The GPS Team in Business, Global Compliance The relationship between an employer and employees is covered under the Thai Labor Protection Act (LPA). . Section 45 In the case of employment of a young worker under eighteen years of age, the Employer shall comply with the following: notify a Labor Inspector regarding the employment of a young worker within fifteen days of the young worker commencing work; On August 13, the Ministry of Digital Economy and Society announced it would require service providers and social media platforms such as Clubhouse and Telegram to collect and keep user data for government to access if requested, including user identities, user activity, records of attempts to access systems, accessed files, and transaction records. Critics alleged that the arrests constituted restrictions on freedoms of peaceful assembly and association. There were numerous reported cases of rape and sexual harassment of girls in school environments. Civil society reported the government used prosecution or the threat of prosecution as a tool to suppress speech online. As of August, since 2016 Thammakaset, a poultry farm owner in Lopburi Province, filed at least 39 criminal and civil cases against 14 former employees, labor rights activists, and journalists on various charges such as criminal defamation, theft of timecards, and computer crime. The emergency decree in effect in the southern border provinces of Yala, Pattani, and Narathiwat (except for seven exempted districts) provides military, police, and some civilian authorities significant powers to restrict some basic rights and delegates certain internal security powers to the armed forces. Libel/Slander Laws: In addition to the lese majeste laws, defamation is a criminal offense punishable by a fine and two years imprisonment. 2023 Trafficking in Persons Report - United States Department of State Thailand stepped up efforts to tackle modern slavery on Monday, with a dozen industry associations signing pacts to rid their supply chains of child and forced labour as part of a government drive . NGOs reported that authorities occasionally held men, women, and children together in police station cells, particularly in small or remote police stations, pending indictment or immigration processing. Security forces continued to use the deep-south emergency decree to conduct regular, warrantless searches in the southernmost provinces. NGOs and international media reported Type IV FGM/C occurred in the Muslim-majority south, although statistics were unavailable. Firms also used a subcontract labor system under which workers sign a contract with labor brokers. During the year NGOs reported several cases where the navy rescued fishery workers who had been in accidents at sea. Thailand.Labour Protection Act, 1998 - International Labour Organization Skills and employability. Department of Employment regulations limit the maximum charges for recruitment fees, but effective enforcement of the rules was hindered by the lack of documentary evidence regarding underground recruitment, documentation fees, and migration costs. Workers and Employers . Authorities continued to treat all refugees and asylum seekers outside these camps without valid visas or other immigration permits as illegal migrants. Authorities sometimes allowed camp residents limited travel outside of the camps for purposes such as medical care or travel to other camps for educational training. The government often held pretrial detainees under the emergency decree in the southernmost provinces in military camps or police stations rather than in prisons. After formal charges and throughout the trial, depending on prosecution and defense readiness, court caseload, and the nature of the evidence, detention may last from three months to two years before a verdict, and up to six years before a Supreme Court appellate review. SOEs operated in various sectors of the economy: banking, rail and air transportation, airports, marine ports, and postal services. A government resolution to end statelessness and provide a pathway to Thai nationality for approximately 80,000 stateless children and young adults covers persons born in the country whose parents are ethnic minorities, who are registered with the government, and who have resided in the country for a minimum of 15 years. Of the top three types of hazardous work that children performed, 22 percent involved lifting heavy loads, 8 percent working in extreme conditions or at night, and 7 percent being exposed to dangerous chemicals and toxins. Women generally enjoyed the same legal status and rights as men but sometimes experienced discrimination, particularly in employment. In April the National Anti-Corruption Commission (NACC) announced it was investigating a discrepancy in the asset declaration of Deputy Transport Minister Weerasak Wangsuphakijkosol and his wife; a debt of 10 billion baht ($333 million) Weerasak declared in 2019 was written off in just two years. Penalties were commensurate with those for other analogous serious crimes, such as kidnapping. Migrants can join unions organized and led by Thai citizens. Journalist groups released a joint statement of concern after three reporters were hit by rubber bullets during the demonstration. The employment contract lays out the working conditions, wage rate, working days and hours, and other relevant details. The Labor Protection in Fishing Work law for workers in the fisheries required workers to have access to health-care and social security benefits and for certain vessels to provide adequate living conditions for workers. In December 2020 the Criminal Court for Corruption and Misconduct Cases found all defendants guilty and sentenced them to 50 years in prison. Ethnic Thai stateless persons and their children who meet the added definition of displaced Thai may apply for the status of Thai nationality by birth.. There were reports of authorities arresting students for exercising freedom of speech and expression, although these arrests generally occurred off campus and few resulted in formal charges. There were reports police abused and extorted prisoners and detainees, generally with impunity. In 2020 advocacy groups for the rights of persons with disabilities filed a complaint of embezzlement and illegal deduction of wages from workers with disabilities. Registered migrant workers in the formal and informal labor sectors and their dependents were also eligible to buy health insurance from the Ministry of Public Health. China. REGULATIONS BANNING CHILD LABOUR , 2002 Labor in Thailand: Wages, Factories, Female Workers, Low Unemployment Child labour: Combating the Worst Forms of Child Labour in Shrimp and Convention No. The report remarked that a reduction in the number of child workers could be due to new labour control - including a fine of THB400,000 (US$12,800) for employing workers younger than 18 years in fishing or seafood processing - coupled with greater monitoring and enforcement by the Ministry of Labour. Trade-union leaders suggested that inspectors should move beyond perfunctory document reviews toward more proactive inspections. Immigration authorities regularly placed older male children together with adult males rather than in facilities designated for families. Representatives of nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) and legal entities reported police and military officers sometimes tortured and beat suspects to obtain confessions, and newspapers reported numerous cases of citizens accusing police and other security officers of brutality. Noncitizen migrant workers, whether registered or undocumented, do not have the right to form unions or serve as union officials. NGOs also reported insufficient protection for child-labor victims, including lack of legal assistance for claiming compensation and restitution, inadequate protection and counseling mechanisms, and a lack of safe repatriation (especially for migrant children). The government provided five-year, interest-free, small-business loans for persons with disabilities. The most common charges were violating the COVID emergency decree (893 individuals), illegal assembly of more than 10 persons (320 persons), and lese majeste (124 individuals). Persons categorized as illegal migrants were legally subject to arrest, detention, and deportation. According to NGOs, agencies tasked with addressing the problem were underfunded, and victims often perceived police as incapable of bringing perpetrators to justice. Access to Asylum: The law does not provide for the granting of asylum or refugee status, and the government has no system for providing legal protection to refugees. The constitution grants the freedom to assemble peacefully, subject to restrictions enacted to protect public interest, peace and order, or good morals, or to protect the rights and liberties of others. The NGO Mob Data Thailand reported that 1,852 student-led demonstrations occurred across the country between July 2020 and September. The governments treatment of refugees and asylum seekers remained inconsistent, and on multiple occasions the government did not allow persons fleeing fighting or other violence in Burma to remain in Thailand. Recent Elections: The country held national elections in March 2019, following five years of military rule. It does not apply to employees in the public sector, SOEs, domestic work, and seasonal agricultural sectors. Green jobs. Boys worked in child labor more than girls, and more than half of child laborers were not in school. (14) The law also allows citizens to file lese majeste complaints against one other. The resident Jewish community is very small, and there were no reports of anti-Semitic acts. Workplace safety instructions as well as training on workplace safety were mostly in Thai, likely contributing to the higher incidence of accidents among migrant workers. Labour market governance and working conditions. The maximum workweek by law is 48 hours, or eight hours per day over six days, with an overtime limit of 36 hours per week. In the Muslim-majority southernmost provinces, Islamic law used for family matters and inheritance allows the marriage of young girls after their first menstrual cycle with parental approval. Human rights organizations reported that police at inland checkpoints often asked for bribes in exchange for allowing stateless persons to move from one province to another. . 28/2559 of the National Council for Peace and Order ensures 15 years of free education for all children in Thailand, some children, particularly migrants and ethnic minorities, struggle to access basic education due to a lack of awareness of migrant children's right to public education, language barriers, and insufficient tran. In August, Parit was rearrested and subsequently tested positive for COVID-19. Unions and NGOs reported that employers used various techniques to weaken labor-union association and collective-bargaining efforts. The law prohibits all forms of forced or compulsory labor, except in the case of national emergency, war, martial law, or imminent public calamity. These penalties were commensurate with those for other analogous serious crimes, such as kidnapping. Despite the governments announcement in 2020 that it would provide free COVID-19 testing and treatment to all individuals, including migrants and refugees who met specific case criteria, vaccination and treatment at the provincial and district levels remained uneven, according to NGOs.
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